{"id":41719,"date":"2022-04-13T14:36:14","date_gmt":"2022-04-13T12:36:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/buletin.de\/bucuresti\/?p=41719"},"modified":"2022-04-13T14:46:35","modified_gmt":"2022-04-13T12:46:35","slug":"raport-de-mediu-in-bucuresti-sunt-mai-multi-oameni-decat-copaci","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dev.buletin.de\/bucuresti\/raport-de-mediu-in-bucuresti-sunt-mai-multi-oameni-decat-copaci\/","title":{"rendered":"Raport de Mediu | \u00cen Bucure\u0219ti sunt mai mul\u021bi oameni dec\u00e2t copaci"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Bucure\u0219tiul este un ora\u0219 sufocat de trafic \u0219i de betoane, iar starea mediului a ajuns \u00eentr-o faz\u0103 critic\u0103. Pentru fiecare bucure\u0219tean exist\u0103 doar 0.88 copaci, \u00een condi\u021biile \u00een care calculul e f\u0103cut pentru o popula\u021bie de doar 1,9 milioane, conform cu ultimul recens\u0103m\u00e2nt din 2011. Cel mai prost o duc locuitorii din Sectorul 2, cu o jum\u0103tate de copac fiecare iar cel mai bine cei din Sectorul 1, doi arbori jum\u0103tate de fiecare. Datele \u0219i concluziile apar \u00eentr-un raport de mediu, o cartografie a problemelor cu care se confrunt\u0103 Capitala, \u00eentocmit de expertul independent prof. univ. dr. Cristian Ioj\u0103, \u0219i publicat pe Platforma de Mediu<\/a>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Conform Barometrului Urban 2020 \u2013 Calitatea vie\u021bii \u00een ora\u0219ele din Rom\u00e2nia, \u00een Bucure\u0219ti, la \u00eentrebarea \u201eC\u00e2t
de mul\u021bumi\u021bi sunte\u021bi de spa\u021biile verzi, precum parcurile \u0219i gr\u0103dinile din ora\u0219ul dvs.?\u201d, 23% dintre responden\u021bi
se declar\u0103 foarte mul\u021bumi\u021bi, 39% \u2014 mai degrab\u0103 mul\u021bumi\u021bi, 25% \u2014 mai degrab\u0103 nemul\u021bumi\u021bi, 12% \u2014 foarte
nemul\u021bumi\u021bi, iar 1% n-au r\u0103spuns. Procentul celor foarte mul\u021bumi\u021bi \u0219i mul\u021bumi\u021bi de spa\u021biilor verzi s-a men\u021binut
la fel ca cel din Eurobarometrul din 2015 despre calitatea vie\u021bii \u00een ora\u0219e, anume 62%.<\/p>Raport de cercetare privind starea mediului \u00een Bucure\u0219ti – 2022<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

\u0218i chiar dac\u0103 cei mai mul\u021bi dintre bucre\u0219teni se arat\u0103 mul\u021bumi\u021bi de natura din jurul lor, date statistice \u00eei contrazic. Capitala e un ora\u0219 s\u0103rac \u00een spa\u021bii verzi, in\u0103bu\u0219it de betoane \u0219i de traficul intens. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

La fiecare om, nici m\u0103car un pom<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Conform raportului citat, \u00een Bucure\u0219ti au fost inventaria\u021bi 1.717.339 arbori<\/strong>, dintre care 194.000 \u00een p\u0103duri<\/strong>. Dintre ace\u0219tia, 110 arbori sunt ocroti\u0163i. Dac\u0103 raport\u0103m aceste date la num\u0103rul de locuitori, reiese c\u0103 media pe Bucure\u015fti este de 0,88<\/strong> arbori, \u00een condi\u021biile \u00een care Uniunea European\u0103 recomand\u0103 3 arbori<\/strong> pe cap de locuitor. \u00centre componentele infrastructurii verzi a municipiului Bucure\u0219ti au fost incluse: P\u0103durea B\u0103neasa, Parcul Natural V\u0103c\u0103re\u0219ti, parcurile municipiului Bucure\u0219ti \u0219i celelalte componente verzi (gr\u0103dini ale complexelor reziden\u021biale, aliniamente stradale, scuaruri, etc.).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>
\n

Vorbind \u00een general despre infrastructura verde, raportul preia date din Cadastrul Spa\u021biilor Verzi, \u00eentocmit \u00een 2011 \u00een Capital\u0103. Conform datele din registru, Bucure\u0219tiul are 4.512,2 hectare<\/strong> de spa\u021bii verzi, ceea ce \u00eenseamn\u0103 23,21 m2 de spa\u0163iu verde pe cap de locuitor. Din aceast\u0103 suprafa\u0163\u0103, 3.174,1 <\/strong>hectare sunt spa\u0163ii verzi de tipul aliniamentelor stradale, gr\u0103dinilor aferente ansamblurilor de locuin\u0163e \u0219i institu\u021biilor<\/strong>, 669,6 hectare sunt parcuri, iar 668,4 hectare \u2014 p\u0103duri-parc.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Conform altor surse dec\u00e2t cadastrul verde (Curtea de Conturi -2014, raportul Comisiei Europene EnRoute-2019), vorbesc despre sub 10 m2 de spa\u021biu verde pentru fiecare locuitor al Capitalei.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Uniunea European\u0103 recomand\u0103 ca suprafa\u021ba minim\u0103 de spa\u021biu verde pentru fiecare locuitor s\u0103 fie de minim 26mp.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Sectorul 1, cel mai verde<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Iar acest spa\u021biu verde total insuficient este \u0219i distribuit inegal. Cel mai bine stau locuitorii din Sectorul 1, care au la dispozi\u021bie 1757,7 hectare de spa\u021bii verzi<\/strong> \u00een care sunt 555.336 arbori. <\/strong>Ceea ce la o popula\u021bie de 227.609 locuitori \u00eenseamn\u0103 77 de mp de spa\u021biu verde <\/strong>pentru fiecare om \u0219i 2,44 copaci. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

La polul opus se afl\u0103 Sectorul 2 cu cel mai pu\u021bin spa\u021biu verde \u0219i cei mai pu\u021bini copaci. Iar \u00een Sectorul 3 sunt cele mai multe spa\u021bii verzi degradate. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
sursa Raport de cercetare privind starea mediului \u00een Bucure\u0219ti – 2022 <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00cen raport se g\u0103se\u0219te \u0219i o analiz\u0103 a tuturor parcurilor Capitalei, pe sectoare, din punctul de vedere al suprafe\u021bei, administra\u021biei, num\u0103rul de modul de utilizare – vizitatori din apropiere, care vin pentru recreere, care stau mai mult de 2 ore. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

  • \"\"<\/figure><\/li>
  • \"\"<\/figure><\/li>
  • \"\"<\/figure><\/li>
  • \"\"<\/figure><\/li>
  • \"\"<\/figure><\/li><\/ul>
    Raport de cercetare privind starea mediului \u00een Bucure\u0219ti – 2022 <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

    <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Din punct de vedere al accesibilit\u0103\u021bii, 23,47% din spa\u021biile reziden\u021biale colective \u0219i 16,57%
    din cele individuale se afl\u0103 la mai pu\u021bin de 250 m de parcuri. Procentul este considerabil mai mic \u00een cazul
    spa\u021biilor reziden\u021biale noi unde 70% din reziden\u021bele individuale sunt situate la peste 1000 de m de o zon\u0103 verde.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    • \"\"<\/figure><\/li>
    • \"\"<\/figure><\/li><\/ul>
      Raport de cercetare privind starea mediului \u00een Bucure\u0219ti – 2022 <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

      \u00cen Bucure\u0219ti mai exist\u0103 p\u0103\u0219uni \u0219i terenuri agricole<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

      Bucure\u0219tiul are mai mult\u0103 biodiversitate dec\u00e2t ne imagin\u0103m. Natura este prezent\u0103 \u00een cele mai diverse moduri \u0219i \u00een cele mai neobi\u0219nuite locuri din ora\u0219, de la specii autohtone de animale \u0219i plante la unele exotice. Acestea \u00eenva\u021b\u0103 s\u0103 tr\u0103iasc\u0103 \u00eempreun\u0103 \u00een feluri noi.<\/p> Raport de cercetare privind starea mediului \u00een Bucure\u0219ti – 2022 <\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

      Raportul de mediu arat\u0103 din ce se constituie cele 9634 de hectare de natur\u0103 urban\u0103 care exist\u0103 pe teritoriul Bucure\u0219tiului. Cel mai mare ecosistem aflat \u00eenc\u0103 \u00een forma sa natural\u0103 este P\u0103durea B\u0103neasa iar cel mai mare habitat renaturat e Parcul natural V\u0103c\u0103re\u0219ti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Capitala Rom\u00e2niei mai are \u00eenc\u0103, \u00een \u00eentinderea sa 366 de hectare de p\u0103\u0219une \u0219i 2564 de terenuri agricole. Conform speciali\u0219tilor, aceste terenuri sunt esen\u021biale pentru reorientarea par\u021bial\u0103 a Bucure\u0219tiului c\u0103tre conceptul de edible city (un ora\u0219 care prioritizeaz\u0103 crearea \u0219i men\u021binerea gr\u0103dinilor urbane, \u00een care locuitorii pot cultiva legume \u0219i fructe).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \"\"<\/figure>
      \n

      Natura urban\u0103 de tip 1<\/strong> (ecosisteme ini\u021biale) Adic\u0103 ce s-a mai p\u0103strat din ecosistemele ini\u021biale specifice acestei zone, chiar dac\u0103 acestea au suferit unele interven\u021bii antropice. \u00cen aceast\u0103 categorie este inclus\u0103 P\u0103durea B\u0103neasa. <\/p>\n\n\n\n


      Natura urban\u0103 de tip 2 <\/strong>(ecosisteme agricole) Este reprezentat\u0103 de spa\u021biile asupra c\u0103rora omul a intervenit pentru a le folosi pentru produc\u021bie, mai ales pentru hran\u0103. <\/p>\n\n\n\n


      Natura urban\u0103 de tip 3 <\/strong>(spa\u021bii verzi \u0219i acvatice amenajate) Este reprezentat\u0103 de ansamblul spa\u021biilor verzi (parcuri, gr\u0103dini, scuaruri, aliniamente stradale, platbenzi, baze sportive) \u0219i a spa\u021biilor acvatice amenajate de om, mai ales pentru recreere \u0219i agrement. <\/p>\n\n\n\n


      Natura urban\u0103 de tip 4<\/strong> (ecosisteme renaturate) Reune\u0219te zonele aflate \u00een procese de renaturare, cu sau f\u0103r\u0103 interven\u021bie antropic\u0103. Acestea se suprapun peste zone cu infrastructuri abandonate (zona V\u0103c\u0103re\u0219ti) sau peste
      zone industriale sau de comunica\u021bie abandonate (\u00een special feroviare).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

      Iar \u00een aceste ecosisteme, \u00een Bucure\u0219ti, tr\u0103iesc \u00eempreun\u0103:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      • specii din ecosistemele ini\u021biale, care cap\u0103t\u0103 o anumit\u0103 dependen\u021b\u0103 fa\u021b\u0103 de condi\u021biile speciale pe care le ofer\u0103 ora\u0219ul, dar care nu renun\u021b\u0103 la habitatele naturale din apropierea acestuia (diferite specii de amfibieni, reptile, p\u0103s\u0103ri acvatice, insectivore \u0219i r\u0103pitoare, vulpi, vidre).<\/li>
      • specii introduse inten\u021bionat de c\u0103tre societatea uman\u0103. E remarcabil\u0103 multitudinea de plante pe care le reg\u0103sim \u00een parcurile \u0219i gr\u0103dinile publice (unele native, alte exotice), animale de companie (\u00een special c\u00e2ini, pisici, papagali, pe\u0219ti, dar mai nou \u0219i tarantule, greieri, iguane, \u0219erpi, dihori, iepuri), plante decorative (de exemplu, orhidee, mu\u0219cate, ficu\u0219i, yucca, trandafiri japonezi, cactu\u0219i, aloe, agave), ori plante cultivate pe terenurile urbane (\u00een special legume, plante aromatice).<\/li>
      • specii urbane, care se integreaz\u0103 \u00een totalitate \u00een ecosistemul ora\u0219ului. Acestea profit\u0103 la maxim de oportunit\u0103\u021bile create \u0219i \u00ee\u0219i dezvolt\u0103 mecanisme sofisticate de adaptare la jungla urban\u0103 (porumbei, vr\u0103bii, \u0219obolani, nenum\u0103rate feluri de g\u00e2ndaci, c\u00e2ini \u0219i pisici semis\u0103lbaticite)<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n

        Orice problem\u0103 trebuie s\u0103 aib\u0103 o solu\u021bie<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
        • Cantitatea de spa\u021biu verde pe cap de locuitor este artificial \u021binut\u0103 la un nivel ridicat, \u00een condi\u021biile \u00een care con\u0219tientiz\u0103m cu to\u021bii c\u0103 num\u0103rul real de utilizatori ai acesteia dep\u0103\u0219e\u0219te cu mult popula\u021bia oficial\u0103 a ora\u0219ului. Deci, dincolo de cifre, deficitul de spa\u021biu verde este o realitate a ora\u0219ului, care se observ\u0103 rapid \u00een nivelul de poluare a aerului, nivelul zgomotului, extinderea insulei de c\u0103ldur\u0103 \u0219i \u00een confortul \u0219i costurile de locuire ale locuitorilor ora\u0219ului.<\/li>
        • Accesibilitatea spa\u021biilor verzi este redus\u0103: doar 60% din locuitorii blocurilor \u0219i 55% din cei care stau la cas\u0103 se afl\u0103 la mai pu\u021bin de 1 km de un parc cu suprafa\u021b\u0103 mai mare de 1 ha. Investi\u021biile noi au ad\u00e2ncit aceste probleme: 55% din cei care stau la blocurile noi \u0219i doar 23% din cei care stau la cas\u0103 \u00een complexuri reziden\u021biale noi sunt la mai pu\u021bin de 1 km de parcuri (CCMESI, 2020).<\/li>
        • Calitatea spa\u021biilor verzi este \u00een general deficitar\u0103, calitatea vegeta\u021biei arborescente, arbustive \u0219i erbacee este redus\u0103, iar acolo unde este bun\u0103, costurile de \u00eentre\u021binere sunt foarte ridicate. \u00cen plus, calitatea corpurilor de ap\u0103 aflate \u00een parcuri reduce de multe ori valoarea de utilizare a parcurilor, \u00een loc s\u0103 o amplifice.<\/li>
        • Conectivitatea \u00eentre spa\u021biile verzi este redus\u0103, iar asta nu permite parcurgerea pe jos sau cu alte mijloace nemotorizate ale unor distan\u021be ridicate \u0219i nici amplificarea serviciilor ecosistemice.<\/li>
        • Investi\u021biile publice realizate \u00een parcuri sunt de multe ori \u00een contrast evident cu cerin\u021bele utilizatorilor.<\/li>
        • Gradul de con\u0219tientizare al popula\u021biei al beneficiilor naturii urbane este foarte redus, iar din acest motiv \u0219i reac\u021bia publicului fa\u021b\u0103 de agresiunile asupra spa\u021biilor verzi este limitat\u0103 <\/li>
        • Vulnerabilitatea de conversie a spa\u021biilor verzi \u00een construc\u021bii \u0219i alte infrastructuri gri r\u0103m\u00e2ne la un nivel foarte ridicat, chiar dac\u0103 Bucure\u0219tiul a pierdut deja peste 500 hectare de spa\u021bii verzi dup\u0103 1990.<\/li>
        • Investi\u021biile bazate pe solu\u021bii verzi (pere\u021bi \u0219i acoperi\u0219uri verzi, sisteme seminaturale de stocare a apei, microferme urbane, etc.) sunt \u00eenc\u0103 la un nivel foarte redus \u0219i se p\u0103streaz\u0103 mult \u00een zona privat\u0103 \u0219i foarte pu\u021bin \u00een cea public\u0103.<\/li>
        • Colaborarea \u00eentre institu\u021biile responsabile de managementul naturii urbane este foarte sc\u0103zut\u0103.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n

          Raport de cercetare privind starea mediului \u00een Bucure\u0219ti – 2022 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

          Pentru fiecare din problemele legate de natura urban\u0103 identificate \u00een Raportul de cercetare sunt propuse solu\u021bii care implic\u0103 autorit\u0103\u021bile locale, organiza\u021biile non-guvernamentale \u0219i cet\u0103\u021benii. De la stimularea agriculturii urbane \u00een zone experimentale, la \u00eencurajarea investi\u021biilor inteligente \u00een spa\u021biile verzi pentru limitarea degrad\u0103rii acestora, cre\u0219terea accesabilit\u0103\u021bii accesului \u00een spa\u021biile verzi \u0219i p\u00e2n\u0103 la cre\u0219terea capacit\u0103\u021bii de reac\u021bie a publicului \u00eempotriva proiectelor de desfiin\u021bare a gr\u0103dinilor de bloc \u0219i a altor categorii de spa\u021bii verzi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          <\/p>\n\n\n\n

          <\/p>\n\n\n\n

          Foto cover Cosmin Pojoranu<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

          Bucure\u0219tiul este un ora\u0219 sufocat de trafic \u0219i de betoane, iar starea mediului a ajuns \u00eentr-o faz\u0103 critic\u0103. Pentru fiecare bucure\u0219tean exist\u0103 doar 0.88 copaci, \u00een condi\u021biile \u00een care calculul e f\u0103cut pentru o popula\u021bie de doar 1,9 milioane, conform cu ultimul recens\u0103m\u00e2nt din 2011. Cel mai prost o duc locuitorii din Sectorul 2, cu […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":41747,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3419,62],"tags":[9],"ppma_author":[22098],"class_list":["post-41719","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-featured","category-stiri","tag-bucuresti"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nRaport de Mediu | \u00cen Bucure\u0219ti sunt mai mul\u021bi oameni dec\u00e2t copaci - Buletin de Bucure\u0219ti<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/dev.buletin.de\/bucuresti\/raport-de-mediu-in-bucuresti-sunt-mai-multi-oameni-decat-copaci\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Raport de Mediu | \u00cen Bucure\u0219ti sunt mai mul\u021bi oameni dec\u00e2t copaci\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Bucure\u0219tiul este un ora\u0219 sufocat de trafic \u0219i de betoane, iar starea mediului a ajuns \u00eentr-o faz\u0103 critic\u0103. 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