{"id":125873,"date":"2025-04-11T03:39:52","date_gmt":"2025-04-11T00:39:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/buletin.de\/bucuresti\/?p=125873"},"modified":"2025-04-11T17:08:07","modified_gmt":"2025-04-11T14:08:07","slug":"cum-sunt-afectati-pomii-de-ciclul-cald-ger-din-aceasta-primavara-expert-din-bucuresti-mugurii-de-rod-la-cais-compromisi-in-totalitate","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dev.buletin.de\/bucuresti\/cum-sunt-afectati-pomii-de-ciclul-cald-ger-din-aceasta-primavara-expert-din-bucuresti-mugurii-de-rod-la-cais-compromisi-in-totalitate\/","title":{"rendered":"Cum sunt afecta\u021bi pomii de ciclul cald-ger din aceast\u0103 prim\u0103var\u0103. Expert din Bucure\u0219ti: \u201eMugurii de rod la cais, compromi\u0219i \u00een totalitate\u201d"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Dup\u0103 o perioad\u0103 cu temperaturi ridicate, Capitala s-a confruntat cu un nou episod de ninsoare la \u00eenceputul acestei s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2ni. \u00cen acest context, Buletin de Bucure\u0219ti a stat de vorb\u0103 cu doi exper\u021bi \u00een pomicultur\u0103 pentru a afla cum sunt afecta\u021bi pomii fructiferi de vremea schimb\u0103toare \u0219i \u00eenghe\u021b, dar \u0219i cum pot fi proteja\u021bi.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n
Sus\u021bine Buletin de Bucure\u0219ti pentru investiga\u021bii, reportaje \u0219i \u0219tiri Locale<\/strong><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Cei mai vulnerabili pomi fructiferi<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u00cen acest sezon, problemele pomilor fructiferi au \u00eenceput odat\u0103 cu gerul din februarie, precedat de temperaturi ridicate. Fluctua\u021biile termice au determinat pomii, cu prec\u0103dere caisul, s\u0103 ias\u0103 din repausul vegetativ \u0219i s\u0103 \u00ee\u0219i piard\u0103 rezisten\u021ba la frig, explic\u0103 Florin St\u0103nic\u0103, profesor de pomicultur\u0103 la Facultatea de Horticultur\u0103 din Bucure\u0219ti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201ePomii no\u015ftri au intrat \u00een prim\u0103var\u0103 cu o problem\u0103 un pic mai veche. Ne aducem aminte c\u0103, la sf\u00e2r\u015fitul lunii februarie, a existat un episod de z\u0103pad\u0103, urmat de temperaturi de -16\/-17 grade \u00een Bucure\u015fti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Acest episod de ger a venit dup\u0103 o perioad\u0103 cu temperaturi ridicate \u00een care pomii au \u00eenceput s\u0103 \u00ee\u015fi activeze circula\u0163ia sevei, mugurii au \u00eenceput s\u0103 se umfle. La cais erau aproape de faza de buton roz, adic\u0103 se vedeau deja petalele.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n
\"Cum<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"Buton<\/figure>\n
Buton roz de cais. Foto: FB\/ Reflexii<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00cen aceste condi\u0163ii, pomii \u00ee\u015fi pierd rezisten\u0163a la ger, iar episodul de -16, – 17 grade a f\u0103cut ca florile s\u0103 fie afectate \u00een interior, adic\u0103 ovarul florii s\u0103 aib\u0103 de suferit, deci gineceul – partea femel\u0103 a florii care face fructul.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00cen momentul \u00een care florile s-au deschis, adic\u0103 \u00eenainte s\u0103 vin\u0103 frigul pe care \u00eel travers\u0103m acum, gineceul florii era deja afectat, \u00eennegrit, degerat\u201d, a explicat Florin St\u0103nic\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pomii fructiferi care \u00eenfloresc primii, cum ar fi caisul, nectarinul \u0219i piersicul, sunt \u015fi cei mai vulnerabili. Totu\u015fi, \u015fi culturile de migdal, cire\u015f \u015fi vi\u015fin pot fi afectate din cauza temperaturilor sc\u0103zute \u00eenregistrate la \u00eenceputul acestei s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2ni, sus\u0163ine expertul.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00cen situa\u021biile extreme de ger, sunt afecta\u021bi \u0219i nucii. La polul opus, curmalul dobrogean intr\u0103 mai t\u00e2rziu \u00een vegeta\u021bie, motiv pentru care nu resimte efectele \u00eenghe\u021burilor t\u00e2rzii de prim\u0103var\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n

El \u00eenflore\u0219te mult mai t\u00e2rziu, de la jum\u0103tatea lunii iunie p\u00e2n\u0103 la final de iulie. Altfel spus, acest pomi\u0219or minunat care nu are nici boli \u0219i d\u0103un\u0103tori, fructific\u0103 abundent \u00een fiecare an. \u0218i este \u0219i foarte rezistent la ger, adic\u0103 rezist\u0103 \u0219i la -40 grade.<\/p>\nFlorin St\u0103nic\u0103, profesor de pomicultur\u0103 la Facultatea de Horticultur\u0103 din Bucure\u0219ti<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

Pe l\u00e2ng\u0103 episoadele de ger, pomii fructiferi sunt afecta\u0163i \u015fi de lipsa poleniz\u0103rii \u00een perioada \u00eenfloririi. Aceasta este cauzat\u0103 de perioadele cu v\u00e2nt puternic \u015fi ploaie, c\u00e2nd insectele polenizatoare nu zboar\u0103, cum s-a \u00eent\u00e2mplat \u015fi la \u00eenceputul lunii aprilie, adaug\u0103 profesorul Florin St\u0103nic\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"afecta\u021bi
Cum sunt afecta\u021bi pomii fructiferi de \u00eenghe\u0163. Foto: SDCP B\u0103neasa<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e2t de afecta\u021bi sunt pomii fructiferi de \u00eenghe\u0163<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Dup\u0103 episodul de ger din februarie, cele mai mari daune se pot observa la cais, arat\u0103 observa\u021biile fenologice ale Sta\u021biunii de Cercetare – Dezvoltare pentru Cultur\u0103 Pomicol\u0103 (SDCP) B\u0103neasa Bucure\u0219ti.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Primul val de \u00eenghe\u0163 a avut loc \u00een perioada 3-12 februarie, c\u00e2nd cea mai mic\u0103 temperatur\u0103 \u00eenregistrat\u0103 la sta\u0163ia meteo a institu\u0163iei a fost de -8,25 grade Celsius, explic\u0103 Mihaela Olaru, asistent Cercetare \u0218tiin\u021bific\u0103 al Laboratorului de Agrotehnic\u0103 \u0219i Protec\u021bie a Plantelor \u00een cadrul SDCP B\u0103neasa<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n

Drept urmare, s-a observat compromiterea total\u0103 a mugurilor de rod la toate soiurile de cais evaluate.<\/p>\nMihaela Olaru, asistent Cercetare \u0218tiin\u021bific\u0103 al Laboratorului de Agrotehnic\u0103 \u0219i Protec\u021bie a Plantelor \u00een cadrul SDCP B\u0103neasa<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

Cel de-al doilea episod de \u00eenghe\u021b, produs \u00een intervalul 18-19 martie, a afectat \u0219i mai tare pomii fructiferi. Cu prec\u0103dere caisul, \u00eens\u0103 cercet\u0103torii au constatat situa\u0163ii \u00eengrijor\u0103toare \u0219i \u00een cazul piersicului sau al nectarinului.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201e\u00cen ceea ce prive\u0219te soiurile de piersic \u0219i nectarin, s-a constatat c\u0103, la data de 19 martie, soiurile analizate se aflau \u00een fenofaze avansate, de la dezmugurire p\u00e2n\u0103 aproape de \u00eenflorire, ceea ce le-a conferit o sensibilitate destul de crescut\u0103 la temperaturile negative care au ajuns la -2,78 grade Celsius.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gradul de afectare al mugurilor de rod la piersic a variat \u00eentre 33% \u0219i 59%, iar la nectarin \u00eentre 29% \u0219i 67%, \u00een func\u021bie de soi \u0219i stadiul de dezvoltare la momentul producerii \u00eenghe\u021bului<\/mark><\/strong>\u201d, transmite specialista pentru Buletin de Bucure\u0219ti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n
Cum sunt afecta\u021bi pomii cu de ciclul cald-ger. Foto: SDCP B\u0103neasa<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00cen privin\u0163a celui mai recent val de \u00eenghe\u0163, din 8 aprilie, datele preliminare relev\u0103 pierderi semificative \u015fi \u00een cazul planta\u0163iilor de prun sau cire\u015f, afla\u0163i \u00een perioada de \u00eenflorire. Observa\u0163iile de teren continu\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Metode de protec\u0163ie \u015fi pomi mai rezisten\u0163i<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Drept urmare, cei doi exper\u0163i contacta\u0163i de Buletin de Bucure\u015fti recomand\u0103 folosirea unor metode de protec\u0163ie a pomilor fructiferi: de la ventilarea for\u021bat\u0103 p\u00e2n\u0103 pulverizarea fin\u0103 a apei pentru crearea unui strat protector de ghea\u021b\u0103. Totu\u0219i, aceste tehnici implic\u0103 anumite resurse, de la timpul alocat preg\u0103tirii \u00eenainte de episoadele de \u00eenghe\u021b, p\u00e2n\u0103 la costuri considerabile.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pe vremuri se foloseau perdele de fum, intezise la momentul actual de Ministerul Mediului, din cauza gradului de poluare ridicat: \u201eSe aprindeau resturi vegetale, reziduri petroliere, cauciucuri, tot felul de materiale care f\u0103ceau fum\u201d, <\/em>explic\u0103 profesorul St\u0103nic\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Printre variantele folosite \u00een prezent se num\u0103r\u0103 \u00eenc\u0103lzirea aerului prin intermediul unor \u201elum\u00e2n\u0103ri uria\u0219e\u201d – g\u0103le\u021bi cu parafin\u0103. O astfel de g\u0103leat\u0103 acopera circa 30 metri p\u0103tra\u021bi, deci ar fi nevoie de peste 300 pentru un singur hectar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

O alt\u0103 op\u021biune cu acoperire ridicat\u0103, de aproximativ cinci hectare, este folosirea unor ventilatoare care s\u0103 amestece straturile de aer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n

Practic, \u00eempiedic\u0103 depunerea de aer rece la nivelul solului \u015fi la nivelul coroanei. \u00cenghe\u0163urile pe care le parcurgem \u00een aceast\u0103 perioad\u0103 sunt cauzate de inversiune termic\u0103.
<\/p>\n Florin St\u0103nic\u0103, profesor de pomicultur\u0103 la Facultatea de Horticultur\u0103 din Bucure\u0219ti<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

De asemenea, cerect\u0103toarea Mihaela Olaru recomand\u0103 cultivarea unor soiuri mai rezistente la \u00eenghe\u021b, cum ar fi caisul Comandor, Harcot , Dacia sau Viorica.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

CITE\u0218TE \u0218I: Afacerea Aquapark (II) | \u201eApe tulburi\u201d la Complexul Acvatic Pantelimon: O firm\u0103 din spatele SRL-ului care a primit concesiunea a \u00eencasat peste 11 milioane de euro de la o companie controlat\u0103 de Robert Negoi\u021b\u0103<\/a><\/strong>  <\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Dup\u0103 o perioad\u0103 cu temperaturi ridicate, Capitala s-a confruntat cu un nou episod de ninsoare la \u00eenceputul acestei s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2ni. \u00cen acest context, Buletin de Bucure\u0219ti a stat de vorb\u0103 cu doi exper\u021bi \u00een pomicultur\u0103 pentru a afla cum sunt afecta\u021bi pomii fructiferi de vremea schimb\u0103toare \u0219i \u00eenghe\u021b, dar \u0219i cum pot fi proteja\u021bi. Cei mai […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":55,"featured_media":125933,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[6994,5762,109],"tags":[20471,20473,20482,20470,20479,20481,20475,20477,20472,187,20478,20476,20469,20480,20474],"ppma_author":[22099],"class_list":["post-125873","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-stiri-2","category-main","category-mediu","tag-cais","tag-cires","tag-culturi-afectate","tag-facultatea-de-horticultura","tag-inghet-2","tag-inghet-tarziu-de-primavara","tag-migdal","tag-nectarin","tag-piersic","tag-polen","tag-pomi-fructiferi","tag-prun","tag-sdcp-bameasa","tag-temperaturi-scauzute","tag-visin"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nCum sunt afecta\u021bi pomii de ciclul cald-ger din aceast\u0103 prim\u0103var\u0103<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Buletin de Bucure\u0219ti a stat de vorb\u0103 cu doi exper\u021bi \u00een pomicultur\u0103 pentru a afla cum sunt afecta\u021bi pomii fructiferi de \u00eenghe\u021b.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/dev.buletin.de\/bucuresti\/cum-sunt-afectati-pomii-de-ciclul-cald-ger-din-aceasta-primavara-expert-din-bucuresti-mugurii-de-rod-la-cais-compromisi-in-totalitate\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Cum sunt afecta\u021bi pomii de ciclul cald-ger din aceast\u0103 prim\u0103var\u0103. 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